The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 This was the first law enacted in India to prevent industrial pollutants from being discharged into rivers without treatment. Discharge of such pollutants into rivers and lakes cause a major issue as they pollute the waters and make them unfit for drinking, irrigation and marine life. Thus, pollution boards at the center and state levels were established in order to attain this goal. These boards created standards that had to bet met by factories before the pollutants could be discharged into river waters. The main objectives of this Board was to promote cleanliness of streams and prevent pollution. Under section 16 of this Act, the Central Pollution Control Board must recognise laboratories that can perform all the necessary tests needed on samples of water from any sewage, or rivers, or trade effluents. The State Pollution Control Board has the right to obtain information on any industry, water body, or conduct of a perso...
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