Which of the following represents the Finance Commissions that have been set-up so far?

(A) 10

(B) 11

(C 12

(D) 13

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Short note on Vishaka vs State of Rajasthan.

Short note on the Vishaka vs. State of Rajasthan. Facts of the case At the outset, it is necessary to put forth the facts of the case in detail to render a better understanding. Firstly, there was an immediate cause responsible for initiating this fight for gender justice which was the case of the alleged brutal gang rape of a woman in a village in the State of Rajasthan. Bhanwari Devi, a social worker was gang-raped for doing the noble act of preventing child marriage. Unfortunately, this criminal case pursuant to the insufficient evidence proving the crime was dismissed [1]. However, this incident gained momentum among various social activists and NGOs, enforcing the necessity for specific legislation for sexual harassment of women at the workplace in the light of Gender Equality. Subsequently, this writ petition was filed by certain social activists and NGOs under Article 32 on the ground of violation of Articles 14, 15 and 21 of the Constitution. Issues Before delving into the...

Forced Marriage as a Means of Avoiding Responsibility for a Sexual Offense

Forced Marriage as a Means of Avoiding Responsibility for a Sexual Offense In the most recent ruling, the Nagpur Judge of the Bombay High Court in Satish v. state of Maharashtra stated that sexual assault without undress and or skin-to-skin contact does not constitute a violation of Section 7 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act, 2012 (POSCO Act), which is dated January 19, 2021. The Indian Penal Code's Section 354 applies instead. This decision has drawn fierce criticism and received a censure from the Supreme Court, which suspended its implementation. The Himachal Pradesh High Court granted bail to a married man accused of committing a sexual offence by having intercourse with a 16-year-old girl in the case of Virendra Singh v. State of H.P. Bail was granted because the accused consented to marry the girl, and the court concluded that there was a mutual attraction between them. Similar to this, the Supreme Court recently demanded that a guy who had rape...

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 This was the first law enacted in India to prevent industrial pollutants from being discharged into rivers without treatment. Discharge of such pollutants into rivers and lakes cause a major issue as they pollute the waters and make them unfit for drinking, irrigation and marine life. Thus, pollution boards at the center and state levels were established in order to attain this goal. These boards created standards that had to bet met by factories before the pollutants could be discharged into river waters. The main objectives of this Board was to promote cleanliness of streams and prevent pollution. Under section 16 of this Act, the Central Pollution Control Board must recognise laboratories that can perform all the necessary tests needed on samples of water from any sewage, or rivers, or trade effluents. The State Pollution Control Board has the right to obtain information on any industry, water body, or conduct of a perso...

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